Fig. 1. Location of the external intercostal (1), appendicocostalis (2) and
external oblique muscles (3) investigated in this study using both patch (I;
external intercostals; lateral aspect of the muscle medial to the
appendicocostalis) and sew-through electrodes (II; appendicocostalis), (III;
external oblique). The anterior portion of the external oblique has been
removed for clarity. One representative site (I, II, III) for electrode
placements is shown for each muscle. Anterior is to the left, posterior to the
right.