Fig. 5. Effects of dietary nutrient ratio and parasitism by C. congregata on blood concentration (mg ml^-1) of (A) protein, (B) free amino acids and (C) trehalose in fifth instar M. sexta larvae maintained over the fourth and fifth stadia on a chemically defined artificial diet having varying ratios of casein and sucrose. Bars show means ± S.E.M. Significant differences (P<0.05) among diets between normal larvae are indicated by different lowercase letters, and between parasitized larvae (including parasite biomass) by different uppercase letters. Significant differences between normal and parasitized (including parasite biomass) larvae on the same diet are indicated by an asterisk. Dietary nutrient ratios are shown relative to the level of each nutrient (C, casein; S, sucrose) in the basal chemically defined formulation, where 1.0=90 g l^-1.