Fig. 4. The u-series (A), w-series (B) and q-series (C) force and moment data. X⁺ and Z⁺, non-dimensional x- and z-components of the total aerodynamic force, respectively; M⁺, non-dimensional pitching moment; u⁺ and w⁺, non-dimensional x- and z-components of velocity of center of mass, respectively; q⁺, non-dimensional pitching rate (the equilibrium value is subtracted from each quantity).