Fig. 4. Effect of social isolation (Experiment 3) on abdominal lipid amounts of 7-day-old bees. Isolated bees were placed in cages within field colonies allowing no social contact; colony-reared bees were allowed to move freely in the same field colony; treatment lasted 7 days. Values are means ± S.E.M. for isolated and colony-reared control bees. The results for two trials are shown. Numbers within bars represent the number of bees analyzed per group. *P<0.05, two-tailed, unpaired t-tests, assuming equal variance.