JEB -- Brainerd and Azizi 208 (17): 3249 Figure IG2

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Fig. 2. Model simulations of the relationship between architectural gear ratio (AGR= ${epsilon}$ _x/ ${epsilon}$ _f) and initial muscle fiber angle ( ${alpha}$ ) for a fiber shortening of 10% ( ${epsilon}$ _f=–0.1). The AGR is shown for the four bulging conditions defined in the text. These conditions are part of a continuum of bulging conditions. The AGR increases most rapidly when all of the bulging is in the y (dorsoventral) direction ( ${lambda}$ _z=1) and progressively less rapidly with less dorsoventral bulging.