Fig. 3. Stress-strain curves of supercontracted fibers subjected to stretching in
water and drying (tensile testing conditions 20°C, 35%RH, strain rate
0.0002 s-1). The stretching process is characterized by the
alignment parameter,
, as defined in the text. At least two samples
were tested for each alignment parameter, showing the remarkable
reproducibility of the process. Stress-strain curves of forcibly silked (FS)
fibers are shown for comparison. The inset shows the whole range of curves
produced by the naturally spun (NS) silk when building the web, or from the
safety line.