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Fig. 3. Calculated circulation and subsequent force. (A) Although measurements were made during separate digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) experiments, spanwise ({Gamma}z) and chordwise ({Gamma}x) circulation show similar strength profiles along the wing. (B) Using values for spanwise vorticity ({omega}z) in the Kutta–Zhukovski equation, sectional lift values at both Re are maximum near 0.65R, with high Re generating more lift along the outer third of the wing.