Fig. 11. Anopheles leucokinin receptor is expressed in stellate cells of the Malpighian tubule. Tubules were stained with anti-Anopheles leucokinin peptide purified IgG, raised as described in the text. Texas Red secondary antibodies were used to visualize the primary antiserum and DAPI was used to stain nuclei (blue). (A,B), Fluorescence microscopy of immunostained whole-mount tubules revealed staining in the secondary stellate cell type (arrows), concentrated in the basolateral membrane. (C) Tubules were processed as for A and B, but with pre-immune serum, confirming the specificity of the antibody. Only low-level non-specific staining of apical microvilli was observed. All images were captured on a Zeiss 510 Meta confocal microscope using a 63 x objective and the approximate scale can be determined from the tubule diameter, which can be taken to be 35 µm.