Fig. 12. Actions of the peptides on the vasoconstriction of the abdominal aorta. The vasoconstricion was monitored by an internal pressure change of the perfusion line as described in Materials and methods. Typical examples of the peptide actions (i) and the concentration–response relationships (ii) are shown. (A) Action of ENpa (N=4). (B) Action of GSPRFFamide (N=3). (C) Action of NdWFamide (N=3). The pressure change was evoked by stimulation of the pericardial nerve using the stimulus train (1 ms, 1.6 V, 10 Hz) for 0.9 s (A,B) or 0.5 s (C).