Fig. 3. Three versions of the same Grampus click X from Fig. 2 are displayed. (A) The presumed on-axis version of the click with a high apparent source level (ASL), short duration (left) and a smooth, broadband spectrum (right). (B) The same click recorded 5° off the recording aspect of A. The duration is longer, the ASL is lower, and the bandwidth and f₀ are reduced compared to A. (C) The same click recorded in an aspect of 10° compared to A. The duration has increased, ASL, f₀ and bandwidth have decreased compared to A and B, and a number of notches are seen in the spectrum.