Fig. 1. Time course of total volume (V) change in goldfish hepatocytes, assessed by quantitative phase-contrast microscopy. Cells were exposed to media of the various osmolarities indicated at pH 7.45 and to L-alanine, aminooxyacetic acid (ALA-AOA). Results are means ± S.E.M. (N=4; in certain points, the error bars lie within the symbol). Lines represent the exponential fit to experimental data with parameters of best fit given in Table 1. The inset shows phase-contrast micrographs of goldfish hepatocytes in 300 mosmol l^-1 (top panels) and 120 mosmol l^-1 media (bottom panels).