Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of insect and human cation-coupled chloride transporters (CCCs). The tree was constructed based on amino acid sequence alignment by clustal method using the alignX program in the Vector NTI package (InforMax, Bethesda, MD, USA). Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the PAUP v4.0b10 program (Rogers and Swofford, 1998). The results obtained were transformed by the TREEVIEW program (Page, 1996) for final display. The human glycine transporter type 2 protein sequence marked as SLC6A5 (Evans et al., 1999) was used as an outgroup member in this analysis. NKCl Mse represents the cotransporter isolated in Manduca sexta. All human CCC members have suffixes of hum, while Anopheles gambiae proteins are prefixed by agCG, Drosophila melanogaster by CG and Aedes aegypti by AaeCG.