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Fig. 9. Ventilatory airflow and inguinal flank displacement in Terrapene carolina (individual 03) during breathing at rest. The upper trace shows five exhalation/inhalation cycles separated by short periods of apnea. The lower trace shows vertical displacement ({Delta}y coordinate) of a marker glued to the skin of the inguinal flank just superficial to the oblique abdominis and transverse abdominis muscles measured from X-ray video recordings (see Fig. 8). Exhalation (Ex) occurs as the inguinal flank moves dorsally. Inhalation (In) occurs as the inguinal flank moves ventrally.