Fig. 6. Effect of CL^- on substrate-induced transporter-mediated currents. (A) D-Aspartate (100 µmol l^-1) activated AeaEAAT currents in ND96 (squares) and various chloride-substituted buffers: gluconate (circles), nitrate (triangles) and thiocyanate (inverted triangles). (B) As A, but with currents in the thiocyanate buffer omitted, so as to expand the y-axis. (C) Substrate-induced current-voltage relationships upon dialysis of intracellular CL^- from AeaEAAT-expressing oocytes, by incubation in CL^--free saline substituted by gluconate at least 24 h prior to recordings. In the absence of intracellular CL^-, the presence of extracellular CL^- (squares) causes outward current. This outward current is absent when extracellular CL^- is replaced by gluconate (circles). In all cases, currents were recorded from potentials between -60 and +50 mV in 10 mV intervals. (D) Radiolabeled ligand transport by oocytes under voltage clamp (-60 mV), in ND96 buffer, gluconate-substituted buffer (Gluconate), and dialysed oocytes in gluconate-substituted buffer (Dialysed).