Fig. 4. Comparisons of (A) drag coefficient (CD) and (B) lift
coefficient (CL) across one stroke cycle for virtual wing
models VM1 and VM2. The unsteady blade-element (USBE) model results are shown
with solid lines, while the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model results
are shown with broken lines. The low-magnitude, translational-acceleration
case (VM1) is shown in blue. The high-magnitude, translational-acceleration
case (VM2) is shown in red.