Fig. 1. (A-H) Morphology of epitracheal glands in pharate 5th instar larvae, pharate pupae and pharate adults revealed with fluorescein-labelled antiserum to horseradish peroxidase and the nuclear dye 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Each epitracheal gland of pharate larvae (A-C) and pharate pupae (D-F) is composed of a prominent elongated or spherical Inka cell (arrows) and two small gland cells of unknown function (arrowheads). In pharate adults, 1-2 small cells observed in earlier stages disappeared, while Inka cells became rounded with a blebby surface (G-I). In some cases, two glands were attached to the same trachea (H). (I) Wholemount staining with FMRF amide antiserum in Inka cells of pharate adult. Note the cytoplasmic processes (black arrows) extending from the Inka cell to the surface of the small unstained gland cell. (A-H) Scale bar, 400 µm. (I) Scale bar, 200 µm. PG, prothoracic glands.