Fig. 1. Measurement of in vitro radula/odontophore kinematics. Two frames are shown from a digital video recording of an isolated radula/odontophore induced to perform feeding-like movements in response to carbachol. The line of shadow indicating the region of widest medio-lateral extent is indicated in the side views, and the ridge, prow and cerebral ganglion are indicated in the top views. (A) Multiple views of the open radula and odontophore. (B) Multiple views of the closed radula and odontophore. Scale bars, 10 mm.