Fig. 1. Test wings. (A) Photomicrograph of a thrip's wings. (B,C) Diagrams of a bristled model wing (B) and a solid model wing (C). c, chord length of a wing; c_m, membrane width of a bristled wing; c_h1, length of cylinders on the leading edge; c_h2, length of cylinders on the trailing edge; D, distance between neighbouring cylinders or bristles; d, diameter of cylinders or bristles; t_m, thickness of a wing; x_w, wing length; x,y,z, wing-fixed coordinate system.