Fig. 1. Experimental arrangement used for training (A) and recording (B) the search trajectories during homebound runs in individually marked Cataglyphis ants. The ants were all trained to visit a feeder (F) located 16 m southeast from the nest entrance. The search trajectories of individual ants were then recorded for ants released in four different compass directions (NW, NE, SW and SE in B) in a separate test field. The nest (N) was located diagonally 100 cm northwest of the landmark in the southeast corner of the four-cylinder landmark square arrays. The side of the landmark square corresponded to a distance of 282 cm between the centres of the landmarks. The diagonal distance between the landmarks was 400 cm.