Fig. 7. Velocity vectors (in cm s^-1; see color scale) during the translation phase of the downstroke (between t3 and t4 in Fig. 3A). (A,B,C) Velocity vectors near the trailing edge on the xz plane at y=10 cm; (D,E,F) velocity vectors near the wing tip on the yz plane at x=0 cm (see Fig. 4B for the orientation of planes relative to the wing). T.E., trailing edge.